/// Compute the output.
void IncompTpfa::computeResults(TwophaseState& state,
WellState& well_state) const
{
// Make sure h_ contains the direct-solution matrix
// and right hand side (not jacobian and residual).
// TODO: optimize by only adjusting b and diagonal of A.
UnstructuredGrid* gg = const_cast<UnstructuredGrid*>(&grid_);
ifs_tpfa_assemble(gg, &forces_, &trans_[0], &gpress_omegaweighted_[0], h_);
// Make sure h_->x contains the direct solution vector.
ASSERT(int(state.pressure().size()) == grid_.number_of_cells);
ASSERT(int(state.faceflux().size()) == grid_.number_of_faces);
std::copy(state.pressure().begin(), state.pressure().end(), h_->x);
std::copy(well_state.bhp().begin(), well_state.bhp().end(), h_->x + grid_.number_of_cells);
// Obtain solution.
ifs_tpfa_solution soln = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
soln.cell_press = &state.pressure()[0];
soln.face_flux = &state.faceflux()[0];
if (wells_ != NULL) {
ASSERT(int(well_state.bhp().size()) == wells_->number_of_wells);
ASSERT(int(well_state.perfRates().size()) == wells_->well_connpos[ wells_->number_of_wells ]);
soln.well_flux = &well_state.perfRates()[0];
soln.well_press = &well_state.bhp()[0];
}
ifs_tpfa_press_flux(gg, &forces_, &trans_[0], h_, &soln); // TODO: Check what parts of h_ are used here.
}
// Solve with no rock compressibility (linear eqn).
void IncompTpfa::solveIncomp(const double dt,
TwophaseState& state,
WellState& well_state)
{
// Set up properties.
computePerSolveDynamicData(dt, state, well_state);
// Assemble.
UnstructuredGrid* gg = const_cast<UnstructuredGrid*>(&grid_);
int ok = ifs_tpfa_assemble(gg, &forces_, &trans_[0], &gpress_omegaweighted_[0], h_);
if (!ok) {
THROW("Failed assembling pressure system.");
}
// Solve.
linsolver_.solve(h_->A, h_->b, h_->x);
// Obtain solution.
ASSERT(int(state.pressure().size()) == grid_.number_of_cells);
ASSERT(int(state.faceflux().size()) == grid_.number_of_faces);
ifs_tpfa_solution soln = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
soln.cell_press = &state.pressure()[0];
soln.face_flux = &state.faceflux()[0];
if (wells_ != NULL) {
ASSERT(int(well_state.bhp().size()) == wells_->number_of_wells);
ASSERT(int(well_state.perfRates().size()) == wells_->well_connpos[ wells_->number_of_wells ]);
soln.well_flux = &well_state.perfRates()[0];
soln.well_press = &well_state.bhp()[0];
}
ifs_tpfa_press_flux(gg, &forces_, &trans_[0], h_, &soln);
}
void TransportSolverTwophaseReorder::solve(const double* porevolume,
const double* source,
const double dt,
TwophaseState& state)
{
darcyflux_ = &state.faceflux()[0];
porevolume_ = porevolume;
source_ = source;
dt_ = dt;
toWaterSat(state.saturation(), saturation_);
#ifdef EXPERIMENT_GAUSS_SEIDEL
std::vector<int> seq(grid_.number_of_cells);
std::vector<int> comp(grid_.number_of_cells + 1);
int ncomp;
compute_sequence_graph(&grid_, darcyflux_,
&seq[0], &comp[0], &ncomp,
&ia_upw_[0], &ja_upw_[0]);
const int nf = grid_.number_of_faces;
std::vector<double> neg_darcyflux(nf);
std::transform(darcyflux_, darcyflux_ + nf, neg_darcyflux.begin(), std::negate<double>());
compute_sequence_graph(&grid_, &neg_darcyflux[0],
&seq[0], &comp[0], &ncomp,
&ia_downw_[0], &ja_downw_[0]);
#endif
std::fill(reorder_iterations_.begin(),reorder_iterations_.end(),0);
reorderAndTransport(grid_, darcyflux_);
toBothSat(saturation_, state.saturation());
}
// ----------------- Main program -----------------
int
main(int argc, char** argv)
{
using namespace Opm;
std::cout << "\n================ Test program for incompressible tof computations ===============\n\n";
parameter::ParameterGroup param(argc, argv, false);
std::cout << "--------------- Reading parameters ---------------" << std::endl;
// If we have a "deck_filename", grid and props will be read from that.
bool use_deck = param.has("deck_filename");
boost::scoped_ptr<EclipseGridParser> deck;
boost::scoped_ptr<GridManager> grid;
boost::scoped_ptr<IncompPropertiesInterface> props;
boost::scoped_ptr<Opm::WellsManager> wells;
TwophaseState state;
// bool check_well_controls = false;
// int max_well_control_iterations = 0;
double gravity[3] = { 0.0 };
if (use_deck) {
std::string deck_filename = param.get<std::string>("deck_filename");
deck.reset(new EclipseGridParser(deck_filename));
// Grid init
grid.reset(new GridManager(*deck));
// Rock and fluid init
props.reset(new IncompPropertiesFromDeck(*deck, *grid->c_grid()));
// Wells init.
wells.reset(new Opm::WellsManager(*deck, *grid->c_grid(), props->permeability()));
// Gravity.
gravity[2] = deck->hasField("NOGRAV") ? 0.0 : unit::gravity;
// Init state variables (saturation and pressure).
if (param.has("init_saturation")) {
initStateBasic(*grid->c_grid(), *props, param, gravity[2], state);
} else {
initStateFromDeck(*grid->c_grid(), *props, *deck, gravity[2], state);
}
} else {
// Grid init.
const int nx = param.getDefault("nx", 100);
const int ny = param.getDefault("ny", 100);
const int nz = param.getDefault("nz", 1);
const double dx = param.getDefault("dx", 1.0);
const double dy = param.getDefault("dy", 1.0);
const double dz = param.getDefault("dz", 1.0);
grid.reset(new GridManager(nx, ny, nz, dx, dy, dz));
// Rock and fluid init.
props.reset(new IncompPropertiesBasic(param, grid->c_grid()->dimensions, grid->c_grid()->number_of_cells));
// Wells init.
wells.reset(new Opm::WellsManager());
// Gravity.
gravity[2] = param.getDefault("gravity", 0.0);
// Init state variables (saturation and pressure).
initStateBasic(*grid->c_grid(), *props, param, gravity[2], state);
}
// Warn if gravity but no density difference.
bool use_gravity = (gravity[0] != 0.0 || gravity[1] != 0.0 || gravity[2] != 0.0);
if (use_gravity) {
if (props->density()[0] == props->density()[1]) {
std::cout << "**** Warning: nonzero gravity, but zero density difference." << std::endl;
}
}
const double *grav = use_gravity ? &gravity[0] : 0;
// Initialising src
std::vector<double> porevol;
computePorevolume(*grid->c_grid(), props->porosity(), porevol);
int num_cells = grid->c_grid()->number_of_cells;
std::vector<double> src(num_cells, 0.0);
if (use_deck) {
// Do nothing, wells will be the driving force, not source terms.
} else {
const double tot_porevol_init = std::accumulate(porevol.begin(), porevol.end(), 0.0);
const double default_injection = use_gravity ? 0.0 : 0.1;
const double flow_per_sec = param.getDefault<double>("injected_porevolumes_per_day", default_injection)
*tot_porevol_init/unit::day;
src[0] = flow_per_sec;
src[num_cells - 1] = -flow_per_sec;
}
// Boundary conditions.
FlowBCManager bcs;
if (param.getDefault("use_pside", false)) {
int pside = param.get<int>("pside");
double pside_pressure = param.get<double>("pside_pressure");
bcs.pressureSide(*grid->c_grid(), FlowBCManager::Side(pside), pside_pressure);
}
// Linear solver.
LinearSolverFactory linsolver(param);
// Pressure solver.
Opm::IncompTpfa psolver(*grid->c_grid(), *props, 0, linsolver,
0.0, 0.0, 0,
grav, wells->c_wells(), src, bcs.c_bcs());
// Choice of tof solver.
bool use_dg = param.getDefault("use_dg", false);
int dg_degree = -1;
if (use_dg) {
dg_degree = param.getDefault("dg_degree", 0);
}
// Write parameters used for later reference.
bool output = param.getDefault("output", true);
std::ofstream epoch_os;
std::string output_dir;
if (output) {
output_dir =
param.getDefault("output_dir", std::string("output"));
boost::filesystem::path fpath(output_dir);
try {
create_directories(fpath);
}
catch (...) {
THROW("Creating directories failed: " << fpath);
}
std::string filename = output_dir + "/epoch_timing.param";
epoch_os.open(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::trunc | std::fstream::out);
// open file to clean it. The file is appended to in SimulatorTwophase
filename = output_dir + "/step_timing.param";
std::fstream step_os(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::trunc | std::fstream::out);
step_os.close();
param.writeParam(output_dir + "/simulation.param");
}
// Init wells.
Opm::WellState well_state;
well_state.init(wells->c_wells(), state);
// Main solvers.
Opm::time::StopWatch pressure_timer;
double ptime = 0.0;
Opm::time::StopWatch transport_timer;
double ttime = 0.0;
Opm::time::StopWatch total_timer;
total_timer.start();
std::cout << "\n\n================ Starting main solvers ===============" << std::endl;
// Solve pressure.
pressure_timer.start();
psolver.solve(1.0, state, well_state);
pressure_timer.stop();
double pt = pressure_timer.secsSinceStart();
std::cout << "Pressure solver took: " << pt << " seconds." << std::endl;
ptime += pt;
// Process transport sources (to include bdy terms and well flows).
std::vector<double> transport_src;
Opm::computeTransportSource(*grid->c_grid(), src, state.faceflux(), 1.0,
wells->c_wells(), well_state.perfRates(), transport_src);
// Solve time-of-flight.
std::vector<double> tof;
if (use_dg) {
bool use_cvi = param.getDefault("use_cvi", false);
Opm::TransportModelTracerTofDiscGal tofsolver(*grid->c_grid(), use_cvi);
transport_timer.start();
tofsolver.solveTof(&state.faceflux()[0], &porevol[0], &transport_src[0], dg_degree, tof);
transport_timer.stop();
} else {
Opm::TransportModelTracerTof tofsolver(*grid->c_grid());
transport_timer.start();
tofsolver.solveTof(&state.faceflux()[0], &porevol[0], &transport_src[0], tof);
transport_timer.stop();
}
double tt = transport_timer.secsSinceStart();
std::cout << "Transport solver took: " << tt << " seconds." << std::endl;
ttime += tt;
total_timer.stop();
// Output.
if (output) {
std::string tof_filename = output_dir + "/tof.txt";
std::ofstream tof_stream(tof_filename.c_str());
std::copy(tof.begin(), tof.end(), std::ostream_iterator<double>(tof_stream, "\n"));
}
std::cout << "\n\n================ End of simulation ===============\n"
<< "Total time taken: " << total_timer.secsSinceStart()
<< "\n Pressure time: " << ptime
<< "\n Transport time: " << ttime << std::endl;
}
SimulatorReport SimulatorIncompTwophase::Impl::run(SimulatorTimer& timer,
TwophaseState& state,
WellState& well_state)
{
std::vector<double> transport_src;
// Initialisation.
std::vector<double> porevol;
if (rock_comp_props_ && rock_comp_props_->isActive()) {
computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), *rock_comp_props_, state.pressure(), porevol);
} else {
computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), porevol);
}
const double tot_porevol_init = std::accumulate(porevol.begin(), porevol.end(), 0.0);
std::vector<double> initial_porevol = porevol;
// Main simulation loop.
Opm::time::StopWatch pressure_timer;
double ptime = 0.0;
Opm::time::StopWatch transport_timer;
double ttime = 0.0;
Opm::time::StopWatch callback_timer;
double time_in_callbacks = 0.0;
Opm::time::StopWatch step_timer;
Opm::time::StopWatch total_timer;
total_timer.start();
double init_satvol[2] = { 0.0 };
double satvol[2] = { 0.0 };
double tot_injected[2] = { 0.0 };
double tot_produced[2] = { 0.0 };
Opm::computeSaturatedVol(porevol, state.saturation(), init_satvol);
*log_ << "\nInitial saturations are " << init_satvol[0]/tot_porevol_init
<< " " << init_satvol[1]/tot_porevol_init << std::endl;
Opm::Watercut watercut;
watercut.push(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
Opm::WellReport wellreport;
std::vector<double> fractional_flows;
std::vector<double> well_resflows_phase;
if (wells_) {
well_resflows_phase.resize((wells_->number_of_phases)*(wells_->number_of_wells), 0.0);
wellreport.push(props_, *wells_, state.saturation(), 0.0, well_state.bhp(), well_state.perfRates());
}
std::fstream tstep_os;
if (output_) {
std::string filename = output_dir_ + "/step_timing.param";
tstep_os.open(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::out | std::fstream::app);
}
while (!timer.done()) {
// Report timestep and (optionally) write state to disk.
step_timer.start();
timer.report(*log_);
if (output_ && (timer.currentStepNum() % output_interval_ == 0)) {
if (output_vtk_) {
outputStateVtk(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
}
outputStateMatlab(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
if (use_reorder_) {
// This use of dynamic_cast is not ideal, but should be safe.
outputVectorMatlab(std::string("reorder_it"),
dynamic_cast<const TransportSolverTwophaseReorder&>(*tsolver_).getReorderIterations(),
timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
}
}
SimulatorReport sreport;
// Solve pressure equation.
if (check_well_controls_) {
computeFractionalFlow(props_, allcells_, state.saturation(), fractional_flows);
wells_manager_.applyExplicitReinjectionControls(well_resflows_phase, well_resflows_phase);
}
bool well_control_passed = !check_well_controls_;
int well_control_iteration = 0;
do {
// Run solver.
pressure_timer.start();
std::vector<double> initial_pressure = state.pressure();
psolver_.solve(timer.currentStepLength(), state, well_state);
// Renormalize pressure if rock is incompressible, and
// there are no pressure conditions (bcs or wells).
// It is deemed sufficient for now to renormalize
// using geometric volume instead of pore volume.
if ((rock_comp_props_ == NULL || !rock_comp_props_->isActive())
&& allNeumannBCs(bcs_) && allRateWells(wells_)) {
// Compute average pressures of previous and last
// step, and total volume.
double av_prev_press = 0.0;
double av_press = 0.0;
double tot_vol = 0.0;
const int num_cells = grid_.number_of_cells;
for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
av_prev_press += initial_pressure[cell]*grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
av_press += state.pressure()[cell]*grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
tot_vol += grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
}
// Renormalization constant
const double ren_const = (av_prev_press - av_press)/tot_vol;
for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
state.pressure()[cell] += ren_const;
}
const int num_wells = (wells_ == NULL) ? 0 : wells_->number_of_wells;
for (int well = 0; well < num_wells; ++well) {
well_state.bhp()[well] += ren_const;
}
}
// Stop timer and report.
pressure_timer.stop();
double pt = pressure_timer.secsSinceStart();
*log_ << "Pressure solver took: " << pt << " seconds." << std::endl;
ptime += pt;
sreport.pressure_time = pt;
// Optionally, check if well controls are satisfied.
if (check_well_controls_) {
Opm::computePhaseFlowRatesPerWell(*wells_,
well_state.perfRates(),
fractional_flows,
well_resflows_phase);
*log_ << "Checking well conditions." << std::endl;
// For testing we set surface := reservoir
well_control_passed = wells_manager_.conditionsMet(well_state.bhp(), well_resflows_phase, well_resflows_phase);
++well_control_iteration;
if (!well_control_passed && well_control_iteration > max_well_control_iterations_) {
OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Could not satisfy well conditions in " << max_well_control_iterations_ << " tries.");
}
if (!well_control_passed) {
*log_ << "Well controls not passed, solving again." << std::endl;
} else {
*log_ << "Well conditions met." << std::endl;
}
}
} while (!well_control_passed);
// Update pore volumes if rock is compressible.
if (rock_comp_props_ && rock_comp_props_->isActive()) {
initial_porevol = porevol;
computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), *rock_comp_props_, state.pressure(), porevol);
}
// Process transport sources (to include bdy terms and well flows).
Opm::computeTransportSource(grid_, src_, state.faceflux(), 1.0,
wells_, well_state.perfRates(), transport_src);
// Solve transport.
transport_timer.start();
double stepsize = timer.currentStepLength();
if (num_transport_substeps_ != 1) {
stepsize /= double(num_transport_substeps_);
*log_ << "Making " << num_transport_substeps_ << " transport substeps." << std::endl;
}
double injected[2] = { 0.0 };
double produced[2] = { 0.0 };
for (int tr_substep = 0; tr_substep < num_transport_substeps_; ++tr_substep) {
tsolver_->solve(&initial_porevol[0], &transport_src[0], stepsize, state);
double substep_injected[2] = { 0.0 };
double substep_produced[2] = { 0.0 };
Opm::computeInjectedProduced(props_, state.saturation(), transport_src, stepsize,
substep_injected, substep_produced);
injected[0] += substep_injected[0];
injected[1] += substep_injected[1];
produced[0] += substep_produced[0];
produced[1] += substep_produced[1];
if (use_reorder_ && use_segregation_split_) {
// Again, unfortunate but safe use of dynamic_cast.
// Possible solution: refactor gravity solver to its own class.
dynamic_cast<TransportSolverTwophaseReorder&>(*tsolver_)
.solveGravity(&initial_porevol[0], stepsize, state);
}
watercut.push(timer.simulationTimeElapsed() + timer.currentStepLength(),
produced[0]/(produced[0] + produced[1]),
tot_produced[0]/tot_porevol_init);
if (wells_) {
wellreport.push(props_, *wells_, state.saturation(),
timer.simulationTimeElapsed() + timer.currentStepLength(),
well_state.bhp(), well_state.perfRates());
}
}
transport_timer.stop();
double tt = transport_timer.secsSinceStart();
sreport.transport_time = tt;
*log_ << "Transport solver took: " << tt << " seconds." << std::endl;
ttime += tt;
// Report volume balances.
Opm::computeSaturatedVol(porevol, state.saturation(), satvol);
tot_injected[0] += injected[0];
tot_injected[1] += injected[1];
tot_produced[0] += produced[0];
tot_produced[1] += produced[1];
reportVolumes(*log_, satvol, tot_porevol_init,
tot_injected, tot_produced,
injected, produced,
init_satvol);
sreport.total_time = step_timer.secsSinceStart();
if (output_) {
sreport.reportParam(tstep_os);
}
// advance the timer to the end of the timestep *before* notifying
// the client that the timestep is done
++timer;
// notify all clients that we are done with the timestep
callback_timer.start ();
timestep_completed_.signal ();
callback_timer.stop ();
time_in_callbacks += callback_timer.secsSinceStart ();
}
if (output_) {
if (output_vtk_) {
outputStateVtk(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
}
outputStateMatlab(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
if (use_reorder_) {
// This use of dynamic_cast is not ideal, but should be safe.
outputVectorMatlab(std::string("reorder_it"),
dynamic_cast<const TransportSolverTwophaseReorder&>(*tsolver_).getReorderIterations(),
timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
}
outputWaterCut(watercut, output_dir_);
if (wells_) {
outputWellReport(wellreport, output_dir_);
}
tstep_os.close();
}
total_timer.stop();
SimulatorReport report;
report.pressure_time = ptime;
report.transport_time = ttime;
report.total_time = total_timer.secsSinceStart() - time_in_callbacks;
return report;
}