示例#1
0
    // Solve with no rock compressibility (linear eqn).
    void IncompTpfa::solveIncomp(const double dt,
                                 TwophaseState& state,
                                 WellState& well_state)
    {
        // Set up properties.
        computePerSolveDynamicData(dt, state, well_state);

        // Assemble.
        UnstructuredGrid* gg = const_cast<UnstructuredGrid*>(&grid_);
        int ok = ifs_tpfa_assemble(gg, &forces_, &trans_[0], &gpress_omegaweighted_[0], h_);
        if (!ok) {
            THROW("Failed assembling pressure system.");
        }

        // Solve.
        linsolver_.solve(h_->A, h_->b, h_->x);

        // Obtain solution.
        ASSERT(int(state.pressure().size()) == grid_.number_of_cells);
        ASSERT(int(state.faceflux().size()) == grid_.number_of_faces);
        ifs_tpfa_solution soln = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
        soln.cell_press = &state.pressure()[0];
        soln.face_flux  = &state.faceflux()[0];
        if (wells_ != NULL) {
            ASSERT(int(well_state.bhp().size()) == wells_->number_of_wells);
            ASSERT(int(well_state.perfRates().size()) == wells_->well_connpos[ wells_->number_of_wells ]);
            soln.well_flux = &well_state.perfRates()[0];
            soln.well_press = &well_state.bhp()[0];
        }
        ifs_tpfa_press_flux(gg, &forces_, &trans_[0], h_, &soln);
    }
示例#2
0
    /// Compute the output.
    void IncompTpfa::computeResults(TwophaseState& state,
                                    WellState& well_state) const
    {
        // Make sure h_ contains the direct-solution matrix
        // and right hand side (not jacobian and residual).
        // TODO: optimize by only adjusting b and diagonal of A.
        UnstructuredGrid* gg = const_cast<UnstructuredGrid*>(&grid_);
        ifs_tpfa_assemble(gg, &forces_, &trans_[0], &gpress_omegaweighted_[0], h_);


        // Make sure h_->x contains the direct solution vector.
        ASSERT(int(state.pressure().size()) == grid_.number_of_cells);
        ASSERT(int(state.faceflux().size()) == grid_.number_of_faces);
        std::copy(state.pressure().begin(), state.pressure().end(), h_->x);
        std::copy(well_state.bhp().begin(), well_state.bhp().end(), h_->x + grid_.number_of_cells);

        // Obtain solution.
        ifs_tpfa_solution soln = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
        soln.cell_press = &state.pressure()[0];
        soln.face_flux  = &state.faceflux()[0];
        if (wells_ != NULL) {
            ASSERT(int(well_state.bhp().size()) == wells_->number_of_wells);
            ASSERT(int(well_state.perfRates().size()) == wells_->well_connpos[ wells_->number_of_wells ]);
            soln.well_flux = &well_state.perfRates()[0];
            soln.well_press = &well_state.bhp()[0];
        }
        ifs_tpfa_press_flux(gg, &forces_, &trans_[0], h_, &soln); // TODO: Check what parts of h_ are used here.
    }
 /// Solve for saturation at next timestep.
 /// \param[in]      porevolume   Array of pore volumes.
 /// \param[in]      source       Transport source term. For interpretation see Opm::computeTransportSource().
 /// \param[in]      dt           Time step.
 /// \param[in, out] state        Reservoir state. Calling solve() will read state.faceflux() and
 ///                              read and write state.saturation().
 void TransportSolverTwophaseImplicit::solve(const double* porevolume,
                                             const double* source,
                                             const double dt,
                                             TwophaseState& state)
 {
     // A very crude check for constant porosity (i.e. no rock-compressibility).
     if (porevolume[0] != initial_porevolume_cell0_) {
         THROW("Detected changed pore volumes, but solver cannot handle rock compressibility.");
     }
     double ssrc[] = { 1.0, 0.0 };
     double dummy[] = { 0.0, 0.0 };
     clear_transport_source(tsrc_);
     const int num_phases = 2;
     for (int cell = 0; cell < grid_.number_of_cells; ++cell) {
         int success = 1;
         if (source[cell] > 0.0) {
             success = append_transport_source(cell, num_phases, state.pressure()[cell], source[cell], ssrc, dummy, tsrc_);
         } else if (source[cell] < 0.0) {
             success = append_transport_source(cell, num_phases, state.pressure()[cell], source[cell], dummy, dummy, tsrc_);
         }
         if (!success) {
             THROW("Failed building TransportSource struct.");
         }
     }
     Opm::ImplicitTransportDetails::NRReport  rpt;
     tsolver_.solve(grid_, tsrc_, dt, ctrl_, state, linsolver_, rpt);
     std::cout << rpt;
 }
示例#4
0
void
VertEqImpl::downscale (const TwophaseState &coarseScale,
                       TwophaseState &fineScale) {
	// assume that the fineScale storage is already initialized
	if (!fineScale.pressure().size() == ts->number_of_cells) {
		throw OPM_EXC ("Fine scale state is not dimensioned correctly");
	}

	// properties object handle the actual downscaling since it
	// already has the information about the interface.
	// update the coarse saturation *before* we downscale to 3D,
	// since we need the residual interface for that.
	pr->upd_res_sat (&coarseScale.saturation ()[0]);
	pr->downscale_saturation (&coarseScale.saturation ()[0],
	                          &fineScale.saturation ()[0]);
	pr->downscale_pressure (&coarseScale.saturation ()[0],
	                        &coarseScale.pressure ()[0],
	                        &fineScale.pressure ()[0]);
}
示例#5
0
    /// Compute per-iteration dynamic properties.
    void IncompTpfa::computePerIterationDynamicData(const double /*dt*/,
                                                    const TwophaseState& state,
                                                    const WellState& well_state)
    {
        // These are the variables that get computed by this function:
        //
        // std::vector<double> porevol_
        // std::vector<double> rock_comp_
        // std::vector<double> pressures_

        computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), *rock_comp_props_, state.pressure(), porevol_);
        if (rock_comp_props_ && rock_comp_props_->isActive()) {
            for (int cell = 0; cell < grid_.number_of_cells; ++cell) {
                rock_comp_[cell] = rock_comp_props_->rockComp(state.pressure()[cell]);
            }
        }
        if (wells_) {
            std::copy(state.pressure().begin(), state.pressure().end(), pressures_.begin());
            std::copy(well_state.bhp().begin(), well_state.bhp().end(), pressures_.begin() + grid_.number_of_cells);
        }
    }
示例#6
0
    /// Compute the residual in h_->b and Jacobian in h_->A.
    void IncompTpfa::assemble(const double dt,
                              const TwophaseState& state,
                              const WellState& /*well_state*/)
    {
        const double* pressures = wells_ ? &pressures_[0] : &state.pressure()[0];

        bool ok = ifs_tpfa_assemble_comprock_increment(const_cast<UnstructuredGrid*>(&grid_),
                                                       &forces_, &trans_[0], &gpress_omegaweighted_[0],
                                                       &porevol_[0], &rock_comp_[0], dt, pressures,
                                                       &initial_porevol_[0], h_);
        if (!ok) {
            THROW("Failed assembling pressure system.");
        }
    }
示例#7
0
void
VertEqImpl::upscale (const TwophaseState& fineScale,
                     TwophaseState& coarseScale) {
	// dimension state object to the top grid
	coarseScale.init (*ts, pr->numPhases ());

	// upscale pressure and saturation to find the initial state of
	// the two-dimensional domain. we only need to set the pressure
	// and saturation, the flux is an output field. these methods
	// are handled by the props class, since it already has access to
	// the densities and weights.
	pr->upscale_saturation (&fineScale.saturation ()[0],
	                        &coarseScale.saturation ()[0]);
	pr->upd_res_sat (&coarseScale.saturation ()[0]);
	pr->upscale_pressure (&coarseScale.saturation ()[0],
	                      &fineScale.pressure ()[0],
	                      &coarseScale.pressure ()[0]);

	// use the regular helper method to initialize the face pressure
	// since it is implemented in the header, we have access to it
	// even though it is in an anonymous namespace!
	const UnstructuredGrid& g = this->grid();

	initFacePressure (UgGridHelpers::dimensions (g),
	                  UgGridHelpers::numFaces (g),
	                  UgGridHelpers::faceCells (g),
	                  UgGridHelpers::beginFaceCentroids (g),
	                  UgGridHelpers::beginCellCentroids (g),
	                  coarseScale);

	// update the properties from the initial state (the
	// simulation object won't call this method before the
	// first timestep; it assumes that the state is initialized
	// accordingly (which is what we do here now)
	notify (coarseScale);
}
示例#8
0
    /// Compute per-solve dynamic properties.
    void IncompTpfa::computePerSolveDynamicData(const double /*dt*/,
                                                const TwophaseState& state,
                                                const WellState& /*well_state*/)
    {
        // Computed here:
        //
        // std::vector<double> wdp_;
        // std::vector<double> totmob_;
        // std::vector<double> omega_;
        // std::vector<double> trans_;
        // std::vector<double> gpress_omegaweighted_;
        // std::vector<double> initial_porevol_;
        // ifs_tpfa_forces forces_;

        // wdp_
        if (wells_) {
            Opm::computeWDP(*wells_, grid_, state.saturation(), props_.density(),
                            gravity_ ? gravity_[2] : 0.0, true, wdp_);
        }
        // totmob_, omega_, gpress_omegaweighted_
        if (gravity_) {
            computeTotalMobilityOmega(props_, allcells_, state.saturation(), totmob_, omega_);
            mim_ip_density_update(grid_.number_of_cells, grid_.cell_facepos,
                                  &omega_[0],
                                  &gpress_[0], &gpress_omegaweighted_[0]);
        } else {
            computeTotalMobility(props_, allcells_, state.saturation(), totmob_);
        }
        // trans_
        tpfa_eff_trans_compute(const_cast<UnstructuredGrid*>(&grid_), &totmob_[0], &htrans_[0], &trans_[0]);
        // initial_porevol_
        if (rock_comp_props_ && rock_comp_props_->isActive()) {
            computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), *rock_comp_props_, state.pressure(), initial_porevol_);
        }
        // forces_
        forces_.src = src_.empty() ? NULL : &src_[0];
        forces_.bc = bcs_;
        forces_.W = wells_;
        forces_.totmob = &totmob_[0];
        forces_.wdp = wdp_.empty() ? NULL : &wdp_[0];
    }
示例#9
0
/// \page tutorial3
/// \section commentedsource1 Program walk-through.
/// \details
/// Main function
/// \snippet tutorial3.cpp main
/// \internal [main]
int main ()
try
{
    /// \internal [main]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details
    /// We define the grid. A Cartesian grid with 400 cells,
    /// each being 10m along each side. Note that we treat the
    /// grid as 3-dimensional, but have a thickness of only one
    /// layer in the Z direction.
    ///
    /// The Opm::GridManager is responsible for creating and destroying the grid,
    /// the UnstructuredGrid data structure contains the actual grid topology
    /// and geometry.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp grid
    /// \internal [grid]
    int nx = 20;
    int ny = 20;
    int nz = 1;
    double dx = 10.0;
    double dy = 10.0;
    double dz = 10.0;
    using namespace Opm;
    GridManager grid_manager(nx, ny, nz, dx, dy, dz);
    const UnstructuredGrid& grid = *grid_manager.c_grid();
    int num_cells = grid.number_of_cells;
    /// \internal [grid]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details
    /// We define the properties of the fluid.\n
    /// Number of phases, phase densities, phase viscosities,
    /// rock porosity and permeability.
    ///
    /// We always use SI units in the simulator. Many units are
    /// available for use, however.  They are stored as constants in
    /// the Opm::unit namespace, while prefixes are in the Opm::prefix
    /// namespace. See Units.hpp for more.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp set properties
    /// \internal [set properties]
    int num_phases = 2;
    using namespace Opm::unit;
    using namespace Opm::prefix;
    std::vector<double> density(num_phases, 1000.0);
    std::vector<double> viscosity(num_phases, 1.0*centi*Poise);
    double porosity = 0.5;
    double permeability = 10.0*milli*darcy;
    /// \internal [set properties]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details We define the relative permeability function. We use a basic fluid
    /// description and set this function to be linear. For more realistic fluid, the
    /// saturation function may be interpolated from experimental data.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp relperm
    /// \internal [relperm]
    SaturationPropsBasic::RelPermFunc rel_perm_func = SaturationPropsBasic::Linear;
    /// \internal [relperm]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details We construct a basic fluid and rock property object
    /// with the properties we have defined above.  Each property is
    /// constant and hold for all cells.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp properties
    /// \internal [properties]
    IncompPropertiesBasic props(num_phases, rel_perm_func, density, viscosity,
                                porosity, permeability, grid.dimensions, num_cells);
    /// \internal [properties]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details Gravity parameters. Here, we set zero gravity.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp gravity
    /// \internal [gravity]
    const double *grav = 0;
    std::vector<double> omega;
    /// \internal [gravity]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details We set up the source term. Positive numbers indicate that the cell is a source,
    /// while negative numbers indicate a sink.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp source
    /// \internal [source]
    std::vector<double> src(num_cells, 0.0);
    src[0] = 1.;
    src[num_cells-1] = -1.;
    /// \internal [source]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details We set up the boundary conditions. Letting bcs be empty is equivalent
    /// to no-flow boundary conditions.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp boundary
    /// \internal [boundary]
    FlowBCManager bcs;
    /// \internal [boundary]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details We may now set up the pressure solver. At this point,
    /// unchanging parameters such as transmissibility are computed
    /// and stored internally by the IncompTpfa class. The null pointer
    /// constructor argument is for wells, which are not used in this tutorial.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp pressure solver
    /// \internal [pressure solver]
    LinearSolverUmfpack linsolver;
    IncompTpfa psolver(grid, props, linsolver, grav, NULL, src, bcs.c_bcs());
    /// \internal [pressure solver]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details We set up a state object for the wells. Here, there are
    /// no wells and we let it remain empty.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp well
    /// \internal [well]
    WellState well_state;
    /// \internal [well]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details We compute the pore volume
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp pore volume
    /// \internal [pore volume]
    std::vector<double> porevol;
    Opm::computePorevolume(grid, props.porosity(), porevol);
    /// \internal [pore volume]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details Set up the transport solver. This is a reordering implicit Euler transport solver.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp transport solver
    /// \internal [transport solver]
    const double tolerance = 1e-9;
    const int max_iterations = 30;
    Opm::TransportSolverTwophaseReorder transport_solver(grid, props, NULL, tolerance, max_iterations);
    /// \internal [transport solver]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details Time integration parameters
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp time parameters
    /// \internal [time parameters]
    const double dt = 0.1*day;
    const int num_time_steps = 20;
    /// \internal [time parameters]
    /// \endinternal


    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details We define a vector which contains all cell indexes. We use this
    /// vector to set up parameters on the whole domain.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp cell indexes
    /// \internal [cell indexes]
    std::vector<int> allcells(num_cells);
    for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
        allcells[cell] = cell;
    }
    /// \internal [cell indexes]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details
    /// We set up a two-phase state object, and
    /// initialize water saturation to minimum everywhere.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp two-phase state
    /// \internal [two-phase state]
    TwophaseState state;
    state.init(grid.number_of_cells , grid.number_of_faces, 2);
    initSaturation( allcells , props , state , MinSat );

    /// \internal [two-phase state]
    /// \endinternal

    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details This string stream will be used to construct a new
    /// output filename at each timestep.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp output stream
    /// \internal [output stream]
    std::ostringstream vtkfilename;
    /// \internal [output stream]
    /// \endinternal


    /// \page tutorial3
    /// \details Loop over the time steps.
    /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp time loop
    /// \internal [time loop]
    for (int i = 0; i < num_time_steps; ++i) {
        /// \internal [time loop]
	/// \endinternal


        /// \page tutorial3
        /// \details Solve the pressure equation
        /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp solve pressure
        /// \internal [solve pressure]
        psolver.solve(dt, state, well_state);
        /// \internal [solve pressure]
	/// \endinternal

        /// \page tutorial3
        /// \details  Solve the transport equation.
        /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp transport solve
	/// \internal [transport solve]
        transport_solver.solve(&porevol[0], &src[0], dt, state);
        /// \internal [transport solve]
	/// \endinternal

        /// \page tutorial3
        /// \details Write the output to file.
        /// \snippet tutorial3.cpp write output
	/// \internal [write output]
        vtkfilename.str("");
        vtkfilename << "tutorial3-" << std::setw(3) << std::setfill('0') << i << ".vtu";
        std::ofstream vtkfile(vtkfilename.str().c_str());
        Opm::DataMap dm;
        dm["saturation"] = &state.saturation();
        dm["pressure"] = &state.pressure();
        Opm::writeVtkData(grid, dm, vtkfile);
    }
}
catch (const std::exception &e) {
    std::cerr << "Program threw an exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
    throw;
}
示例#10
0
// ----------------- Main program -----------------
int
main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    using namespace Opm;

    std::cout << "\n================    Test program for incompressible two-phase flow     ===============\n\n";
    parameter::ParameterGroup param(argc, argv, false);
    std::cout << "---------------    Reading parameters     ---------------" << std::endl;

    // If we have a "deck_filename", grid and props will be read from that.
    bool use_deck = param.has("deck_filename");
    boost::scoped_ptr<EclipseGridParser> deck;
    boost::scoped_ptr<GridManager> grid;
    boost::scoped_ptr<IncompPropertiesInterface> props;
    boost::scoped_ptr<RockCompressibility> rock_comp;
    TwophaseState state;
    // bool check_well_controls = false;
    // int max_well_control_iterations = 0;
    double gravity[3] = { 0.0 };
    if (use_deck) {
        std::string deck_filename = param.get<std::string>("deck_filename");
        deck.reset(new EclipseGridParser(deck_filename));
        // Grid init
        grid.reset(new GridManager(*deck));
        // Rock and fluid init
        props.reset(new IncompPropertiesFromDeck(*deck, *grid->c_grid()));
        // check_well_controls = param.getDefault("check_well_controls", false);
        // max_well_control_iterations = param.getDefault("max_well_control_iterations", 10);
        // Rock compressibility.
        rock_comp.reset(new RockCompressibility(*deck));
        // Gravity.
        gravity[2] = deck->hasField("NOGRAV") ? 0.0 : unit::gravity;
        // Init state variables (saturation and pressure).
        if (param.has("init_saturation")) {
            initStateBasic(*grid->c_grid(), *props, param, gravity[2], state);
        } else {
            initStateFromDeck(*grid->c_grid(), *props, *deck, gravity[2], state);
        }
    } else {
        // Grid init.
        const int nx = param.getDefault("nx", 100);
        const int ny = param.getDefault("ny", 100);
        const int nz = param.getDefault("nz", 1);
        const double dx = param.getDefault("dx", 1.0);
        const double dy = param.getDefault("dy", 1.0);
        const double dz = param.getDefault("dz", 1.0);
        grid.reset(new GridManager(nx, ny, nz, dx, dy, dz));
        // Rock and fluid init.
        props.reset(new IncompPropertiesBasic(param, grid->c_grid()->dimensions, grid->c_grid()->number_of_cells));
        // Rock compressibility.
        rock_comp.reset(new RockCompressibility(param));
        // Gravity.
        gravity[2] = param.getDefault("gravity", 0.0);
        // Init state variables (saturation and pressure).
        initStateBasic(*grid->c_grid(), *props, param, gravity[2], state);
    }

    // Warn if gravity but no density difference.
    bool use_gravity = (gravity[0] != 0.0 || gravity[1] != 0.0 || gravity[2] != 0.0);
    if (use_gravity) {
        if (props->density()[0] == props->density()[1]) {
            std::cout << "**** Warning: nonzero gravity, but zero density difference." << std::endl;
        }
    }
    const double *grav = use_gravity ? &gravity[0] : 0;

    // Initialising src
    int num_cells = grid->c_grid()->number_of_cells;
    std::vector<double> src(num_cells, 0.0);
    if (use_deck) {
        // Do nothing, wells will be the driving force, not source terms.
    } else {
        // Compute pore volumes, in order to enable specifying injection rate
        // terms of total pore volume.
        std::vector<double> porevol;
        if (rock_comp->isActive()) {
            computePorevolume(*grid->c_grid(), props->porosity(), *rock_comp, state.pressure(), porevol);
        } else {
            computePorevolume(*grid->c_grid(), props->porosity(), porevol);
        }
        const double tot_porevol_init = std::accumulate(porevol.begin(), porevol.end(), 0.0);
        const double default_injection = use_gravity ? 0.0 : 0.1;
        const double flow_per_sec = param.getDefault<double>("injected_porevolumes_per_day", default_injection)
            *tot_porevol_init/unit::day;
        src[0] = flow_per_sec;
        src[num_cells - 1] = -flow_per_sec;
    }

    // Boundary conditions.
    FlowBCManager bcs;
    if (param.getDefault("use_pside", false)) {
        int pside = param.get<int>("pside");
        double pside_pressure = param.get<double>("pside_pressure");
        bcs.pressureSide(*grid->c_grid(), FlowBCManager::Side(pside), pside_pressure);
    }

    // Linear solver.
    LinearSolverFactory linsolver(param);

    // Write parameters used for later reference.
    bool output = param.getDefault("output", true);
    std::ofstream epoch_os;
    std::string output_dir;
    if (output) {
        output_dir =
            param.getDefault("output_dir", std::string("output"));
        boost::filesystem::path fpath(output_dir);
        try {
            create_directories(fpath);
        }
        catch (...) {
            THROW("Creating directories failed: " << fpath);
        }
        std::string filename = output_dir + "/epoch_timing.param";
        epoch_os.open(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::trunc | std::fstream::out);
        // open file to clean it. The file is appended to in SimulatorTwophase
        filename = output_dir + "/step_timing.param";
        std::fstream step_os(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::trunc | std::fstream::out);
        step_os.close();
        param.writeParam(output_dir + "/simulation.param");
    }


    std::cout << "\n\n================    Starting main simulation loop     ===============\n"
              << "                        (number of epochs: "
              << (use_deck ? deck->numberOfEpochs() : 1) << ")\n\n" << std::flush;

    SimulatorReport rep;
    if (!use_deck) {
        // Simple simulation without a deck.
        WellsManager wells; // no wells.
        SimulatorIncompTwophase simulator(param,
                                          *grid->c_grid(),
                                          *props,
                                          rock_comp->isActive() ? rock_comp.get() : 0,
                                          wells,
                                          src,
                                          bcs.c_bcs(),
                                          linsolver,
                                          grav);
        SimulatorTimer simtimer;
        simtimer.init(param);
        warnIfUnusedParams(param);
        WellState well_state;
        well_state.init(0, state);
        rep = simulator.run(simtimer, state, well_state);
    } else {
        // With a deck, we may have more epochs etc.
        WellState well_state;
        int step = 0;
        SimulatorTimer simtimer;
        // Use timer for last epoch to obtain total time.
        deck->setCurrentEpoch(deck->numberOfEpochs() - 1);
        simtimer.init(*deck);
        const double total_time = simtimer.totalTime();
        for (int epoch = 0; epoch < deck->numberOfEpochs(); ++epoch) {
            // Set epoch index.
            deck->setCurrentEpoch(epoch);

            // Update the timer.
            if (deck->hasField("TSTEP")) {
                simtimer.init(*deck);
            } else {
                if (epoch != 0) {
                    THROW("No TSTEP in deck for epoch " << epoch);
                }
                simtimer.init(param);
            }
            simtimer.setCurrentStepNum(step);
            simtimer.setTotalTime(total_time);

            // Report on start of epoch.
            std::cout << "\n\n--------------    Starting epoch " << epoch << "    --------------"
                      << "\n                  (number of steps: "
                      << simtimer.numSteps() - step << ")\n\n" << std::flush;

            // Create new wells, well_state
            WellsManager wells(*deck, *grid->c_grid(), props->permeability());
            // @@@ HACK: we should really make a new well state and
            // properly transfer old well state to it every epoch,
            // since number of wells may change etc.
            if (epoch == 0) {
                well_state.init(wells.c_wells(), state);
            }

            // Create and run simulator.
            SimulatorIncompTwophase simulator(param,
                                              *grid->c_grid(),
                                              *props,
                                              rock_comp->isActive() ? rock_comp.get() : 0,
                                              wells,
                                              src,
                                              bcs.c_bcs(),
                                              linsolver,
                                              grav);
            if (epoch == 0) {
                warnIfUnusedParams(param);
            }
            SimulatorReport epoch_rep = simulator.run(simtimer, state, well_state);
            if (output) {
                epoch_rep.reportParam(epoch_os);
            }
            // Update total timing report and remember step number.
            rep += epoch_rep;
            step = simtimer.currentStepNum();
        }
    }

    std::cout << "\n\n================    End of simulation     ===============\n\n";
    rep.report(std::cout);

    if (output) {
      std::string filename = output_dir + "/walltime.param";
      std::fstream tot_os(filename.c_str(),std::fstream::trunc | std::fstream::out);
      rep.reportParam(tot_os);
    }

}
示例#11
0
    // Solve with rock compressibility (nonlinear eqn).
    void IncompTpfa::solveRockComp(const double dt,
                                   TwophaseState& state,
                                   WellState& well_state)
    {
        // This function is identical to CompressibleTpfa::solve().
        // \TODO refactor?

        const int nc = grid_.number_of_cells;
        const int nw = (wells_) ? wells_->number_of_wells : 0;

        // Set up dynamic data.
        computePerSolveDynamicData(dt, state, well_state);
        computePerIterationDynamicData(dt, state, well_state);

        // Assemble J and F.
        assemble(dt, state, well_state);

        double inc_norm = 0.0;
        int iter = 0;
        double res_norm = residualNorm();
        std::cout << "\nIteration         Residual        Change in p\n"
                  << std::setw(9) << iter
                  << std::setw(18) << res_norm
                  << std::setw(18) << '*' << std::endl;
        while ((iter < maxiter_) && (res_norm > residual_tol_)) {
            // Solve for increment in Newton method:
            //   incr = x_{n+1} - x_{n} = -J^{-1}F
            // (J is Jacobian matrix, F is residual)
            solveIncrement();
            ++iter;

            // Update pressure vars with increment.
            for (int c = 0; c < nc; ++c) {
                state.pressure()[c] += h_->x[c];
            }
            for (int w = 0; w < nw; ++w) {
                well_state.bhp()[w] += h_->x[nc + w];
            }

            // Stop iterating if increment is small.
            inc_norm = incrementNorm();
            if (inc_norm <= change_tol_) {
                std::cout << std::setw(9) << iter
                          << std::setw(18) << '*'
                          << std::setw(18) << inc_norm << std::endl;
                break;
            }

            // Set up dynamic data.
            computePerIterationDynamicData(dt, state, well_state);

            // Assemble J and F.
            assemble(dt, state, well_state);

            // Update residual norm.
            res_norm = residualNorm();

            std::cout << std::setw(9) << iter
                      << std::setw(18) << res_norm
                      << std::setw(18) << inc_norm << std::endl;
        }

        if ((iter == maxiter_) && (res_norm > residual_tol_) && (inc_norm > change_tol_)) {
            THROW("IncompTpfa::solve() failed to converge in " << maxiter_ << " iterations.");
        }

        std::cout << "Solved pressure in " << iter << " iterations." << std::endl;

        // Compute fluxes and face pressures.
        computeResults(state, well_state);
    }
示例#12
0
    SimulatorReport SimulatorIncompTwophase::Impl::run(SimulatorTimer& timer,
                                                       TwophaseState& state,
                                                       WellState& well_state)
    {
        std::vector<double> transport_src;

        // Initialisation.
        std::vector<double> porevol;
        if (rock_comp_props_ && rock_comp_props_->isActive()) {
            computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), *rock_comp_props_, state.pressure(), porevol);
        } else {
            computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), porevol);
        }
        const double tot_porevol_init = std::accumulate(porevol.begin(), porevol.end(), 0.0);
        std::vector<double> initial_porevol = porevol;

        // Main simulation loop.
        Opm::time::StopWatch pressure_timer;
        double ptime = 0.0;
        Opm::time::StopWatch transport_timer;
        double ttime = 0.0;
        Opm::time::StopWatch callback_timer;
        double time_in_callbacks = 0.0;
        Opm::time::StopWatch step_timer;
        Opm::time::StopWatch total_timer;
        total_timer.start();
        double init_satvol[2] = { 0.0 };
        double satvol[2] = { 0.0 };
        double tot_injected[2] = { 0.0 };
        double tot_produced[2] = { 0.0 };
        Opm::computeSaturatedVol(porevol, state.saturation(), init_satvol);
        *log_ << "\nInitial saturations are    " << init_satvol[0]/tot_porevol_init
              << "    " << init_satvol[1]/tot_porevol_init << std::endl;
        Opm::Watercut watercut;
        watercut.push(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
        Opm::WellReport wellreport;
        std::vector<double> fractional_flows;
        std::vector<double> well_resflows_phase;
        if (wells_) {
            well_resflows_phase.resize((wells_->number_of_phases)*(wells_->number_of_wells), 0.0);
            wellreport.push(props_, *wells_, state.saturation(), 0.0, well_state.bhp(), well_state.perfRates());
        }
        std::fstream tstep_os;
        if (output_) {
            std::string filename = output_dir_ + "/step_timing.param";
            tstep_os.open(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::out | std::fstream::app);
        }
        while (!timer.done()) {
            // Report timestep and (optionally) write state to disk.
            step_timer.start();
            timer.report(*log_);
            if (output_ && (timer.currentStepNum() % output_interval_ == 0)) {
                if (output_vtk_) {
                    outputStateVtk(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
                }
                outputStateMatlab(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
                if (use_reorder_) {
                    // This use of dynamic_cast is not ideal, but should be safe.
                    outputVectorMatlab(std::string("reorder_it"),
                                       dynamic_cast<const TransportSolverTwophaseReorder&>(*tsolver_).getReorderIterations(),
                                       timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
                }
            }

            SimulatorReport sreport;

            // Solve pressure equation.
            if (check_well_controls_) {
                computeFractionalFlow(props_, allcells_, state.saturation(), fractional_flows);
                wells_manager_.applyExplicitReinjectionControls(well_resflows_phase, well_resflows_phase);
            }
            bool well_control_passed = !check_well_controls_;
            int well_control_iteration = 0;
            do {
                // Run solver.
                pressure_timer.start();
                std::vector<double> initial_pressure = state.pressure();
                psolver_.solve(timer.currentStepLength(), state, well_state);

                // Renormalize pressure if rock is incompressible, and
                // there are no pressure conditions (bcs or wells).
                // It is deemed sufficient for now to renormalize
                // using geometric volume instead of pore volume.
                if ((rock_comp_props_ == NULL || !rock_comp_props_->isActive())
                    && allNeumannBCs(bcs_) && allRateWells(wells_)) {
                    // Compute average pressures of previous and last
                    // step, and total volume.
                    double av_prev_press = 0.0;
                    double av_press = 0.0;
                    double tot_vol = 0.0;
                    const int num_cells = grid_.number_of_cells;
                    for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
                        av_prev_press += initial_pressure[cell]*grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
                        av_press      += state.pressure()[cell]*grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
                        tot_vol       += grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
                    }
                    // Renormalization constant
                    const double ren_const = (av_prev_press - av_press)/tot_vol;
                    for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
                        state.pressure()[cell] += ren_const;
                    }
                    const int num_wells = (wells_ == NULL) ? 0 : wells_->number_of_wells;
                    for (int well = 0; well < num_wells; ++well) {
                        well_state.bhp()[well] += ren_const;
                    }
                }

                // Stop timer and report.
                pressure_timer.stop();
                double pt = pressure_timer.secsSinceStart();
                *log_ << "Pressure solver took:  " << pt << " seconds." << std::endl;
                ptime += pt;
                sreport.pressure_time = pt;

                // Optionally, check if well controls are satisfied.
                if (check_well_controls_) {
                    Opm::computePhaseFlowRatesPerWell(*wells_,
                                                      well_state.perfRates(),
                                                      fractional_flows,
                                                      well_resflows_phase);
                    *log_ << "Checking well conditions." << std::endl;
                    // For testing we set surface := reservoir
                    well_control_passed = wells_manager_.conditionsMet(well_state.bhp(), well_resflows_phase, well_resflows_phase);
                    ++well_control_iteration;
                    if (!well_control_passed && well_control_iteration > max_well_control_iterations_) {
                        OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Could not satisfy well conditions in " << max_well_control_iterations_ << " tries.");
                    }
                    if (!well_control_passed) {
                        *log_ << "Well controls not passed, solving again." << std::endl;
                    } else {
                        *log_ << "Well conditions met." << std::endl;
                    }
                }
            } while (!well_control_passed);

            // Update pore volumes if rock is compressible.
            if (rock_comp_props_ && rock_comp_props_->isActive()) {
                initial_porevol = porevol;
                computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), *rock_comp_props_, state.pressure(), porevol);
            }

            // Process transport sources (to include bdy terms and well flows).
            Opm::computeTransportSource(grid_, src_, state.faceflux(), 1.0,
                                        wells_, well_state.perfRates(), transport_src);

            // Solve transport.
            transport_timer.start();
            double stepsize = timer.currentStepLength();
            if (num_transport_substeps_ != 1) {
                stepsize /= double(num_transport_substeps_);
                *log_ << "Making " << num_transport_substeps_ << " transport substeps." << std::endl;
            }
            double injected[2] = { 0.0 };
            double produced[2] = { 0.0 };
            for (int tr_substep = 0; tr_substep < num_transport_substeps_; ++tr_substep) {
                tsolver_->solve(&initial_porevol[0], &transport_src[0], stepsize, state);

                double substep_injected[2] = { 0.0 };
                double substep_produced[2] = { 0.0 };
                Opm::computeInjectedProduced(props_, state.saturation(), transport_src, stepsize,
                                             substep_injected, substep_produced);
                injected[0] += substep_injected[0];
                injected[1] += substep_injected[1];
                produced[0] += substep_produced[0];
                produced[1] += substep_produced[1];
                if (use_reorder_ && use_segregation_split_) {
                    // Again, unfortunate but safe use of dynamic_cast.
                    // Possible solution: refactor gravity solver to its own class.
                    dynamic_cast<TransportSolverTwophaseReorder&>(*tsolver_)
                        .solveGravity(&initial_porevol[0], stepsize, state);
                }
                watercut.push(timer.simulationTimeElapsed() + timer.currentStepLength(),
                              produced[0]/(produced[0] + produced[1]),
                              tot_produced[0]/tot_porevol_init);
                if (wells_) {
                    wellreport.push(props_, *wells_, state.saturation(),
                                    timer.simulationTimeElapsed() + timer.currentStepLength(),
                                    well_state.bhp(), well_state.perfRates());
                }
            }
            transport_timer.stop();
            double tt = transport_timer.secsSinceStart();
            sreport.transport_time = tt;
            *log_ << "Transport solver took: " << tt << " seconds." << std::endl;
            ttime += tt;
            // Report volume balances.
            Opm::computeSaturatedVol(porevol, state.saturation(), satvol);
            tot_injected[0] += injected[0];
            tot_injected[1] += injected[1];
            tot_produced[0] += produced[0];
            tot_produced[1] += produced[1];
            reportVolumes(*log_, satvol, tot_porevol_init,
                          tot_injected, tot_produced,
                          injected, produced,
                          init_satvol);
            sreport.total_time =  step_timer.secsSinceStart();
            if (output_) {
                sreport.reportParam(tstep_os);
            }

            // advance the timer to the end of the timestep *before* notifying
            // the client that the timestep is done
            ++timer;

            // notify all clients that we are done with the timestep
            callback_timer.start ();
            timestep_completed_.signal ();
            callback_timer.stop ();
            time_in_callbacks += callback_timer.secsSinceStart ();
        }

        if (output_) {
            if (output_vtk_) {
                outputStateVtk(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
            }
            outputStateMatlab(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
            if (use_reorder_) {
                // This use of dynamic_cast is not ideal, but should be safe.
                outputVectorMatlab(std::string("reorder_it"),
                                   dynamic_cast<const TransportSolverTwophaseReorder&>(*tsolver_).getReorderIterations(),
                                   timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
                }
            outputWaterCut(watercut, output_dir_);
            if (wells_) {
                outputWellReport(wellreport, output_dir_);
            }
            tstep_os.close();
        }

        total_timer.stop();

        SimulatorReport report;
        report.pressure_time = ptime;
        report.transport_time = ttime;
        report.total_time = total_timer.secsSinceStart() - time_in_callbacks;
        return report;
    }
示例#13
0
// ----------------- Main program -----------------
int
main(int argc, char** argv)
try
{
    using namespace Opm;

    std::cout << "\n================    Test program for incompressible two-phase flow     ===============\n\n";
    parameter::ParameterGroup param(argc, argv, false);
    std::cout << "---------------    Reading parameters     ---------------" << std::endl;

#if ! HAVE_SUITESPARSE_UMFPACK_H
    // This is an extra check to intercept a potentially invalid request for the
    // implicit transport solver as early as possible for the user.
    {
        const bool use_reorder = param.getDefault("use_reorder", true);
        if (!use_reorder) {
            OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Cannot use implicit transport solver without UMFPACK. "
                  "Either reconfigure opm-core with SuiteSparse/UMFPACK support and recompile, "
                  "or use the reordering solver (use_reorder=true).");
        }
    }
#endif

    // If we have a "deck_filename", grid and props will be read from that.
    bool use_deck = param.has("deck_filename");
    EclipseStateConstPtr eclipseState;

    Opm::DeckConstPtr deck;
    std::unique_ptr<GridManager> grid;
    std::unique_ptr<IncompPropertiesInterface> props;
    std::unique_ptr<RockCompressibility> rock_comp;
    TwophaseState state;
    // bool check_well_controls = false;
    // int max_well_control_iterations = 0;
    double gravity[3] = { 0.0 };
    if (use_deck) {
        ParserPtr parser(new Opm::Parser());

        std::string deck_filename = param.get<std::string>("deck_filename");
        deck = parser->parseFile(deck_filename);
        eclipseState.reset( new EclipseState(deck));
        // Grid init
        grid.reset(new GridManager(deck));
        // Rock and fluid init
        props.reset(new IncompPropertiesFromDeck(deck, eclipseState, *grid->c_grid()));
        // check_well_controls = param.getDefault("check_well_controls", false);
        // max_well_control_iterations = param.getDefault("max_well_control_iterations", 10);
        // Rock compressibility.
        rock_comp.reset(new RockCompressibility(deck, eclipseState));
        // Gravity.
        gravity[2] = deck->hasKeyword("NOGRAV") ? 0.0 : unit::gravity;
        // Init state variables (saturation and pressure).
        if (param.has("init_saturation")) {
            initStateBasic(*grid->c_grid(), *props, param, gravity[2], state);
        } else {
            initStateFromDeck(*grid->c_grid(), *props, deck, gravity[2], state);
        }
    } else {
        // Grid init.
        const int nx = param.getDefault("nx", 100);
        const int ny = param.getDefault("ny", 100);
        const int nz = param.getDefault("nz", 1);
        const double dx = param.getDefault("dx", 1.0);
        const double dy = param.getDefault("dy", 1.0);
        const double dz = param.getDefault("dz", 1.0);
        grid.reset(new GridManager(nx, ny, nz, dx, dy, dz));
        // Rock and fluid init.
        props.reset(new IncompPropertiesBasic(param, grid->c_grid()->dimensions, grid->c_grid()->number_of_cells));
        // Rock compressibility.
        rock_comp.reset(new RockCompressibility(param));
        // Gravity.
        gravity[2] = param.getDefault("gravity", 0.0);
        // Init state variables (saturation and pressure).
        initStateBasic(*grid->c_grid(), *props, param, gravity[2], state);
    }

    // Warn if gravity but no density difference.
    bool use_gravity = (gravity[0] != 0.0 || gravity[1] != 0.0 || gravity[2] != 0.0);
    if (use_gravity) {
        if (props->density()[0] == props->density()[1]) {
            std::cout << "**** Warning: nonzero gravity, but zero density difference." << std::endl;
        }
    }
    const double *grav = use_gravity ? &gravity[0] : 0;

    // Initialising src
    int num_cells = grid->c_grid()->number_of_cells;
    std::vector<double> src(num_cells, 0.0);
    if (use_deck) {
        // Do nothing, wells will be the driving force, not source terms.
    } else {
        // Compute pore volumes, in order to enable specifying injection rate
        // terms of total pore volume.
        std::vector<double> porevol;
        if (rock_comp->isActive()) {
            computePorevolume(*grid->c_grid(), props->porosity(), *rock_comp, state.pressure(), porevol);
        } else {
            computePorevolume(*grid->c_grid(), props->porosity(), porevol);
        }
        const double tot_porevol_init = std::accumulate(porevol.begin(), porevol.end(), 0.0);
        const double default_injection = use_gravity ? 0.0 : 0.1;
        const double flow_per_sec = param.getDefault<double>("injected_porevolumes_per_day", default_injection)
            *tot_porevol_init/unit::day;
        src[0] = flow_per_sec;
        src[num_cells - 1] = -flow_per_sec;
    }

    // Boundary conditions.
    FlowBCManager bcs;
    if (param.getDefault("use_pside", false)) {
        int pside = param.get<int>("pside");
        double pside_pressure = param.get<double>("pside_pressure");
        bcs.pressureSide(*grid->c_grid(), FlowBCManager::Side(pside), pside_pressure);
    }

    // Linear solver.
    LinearSolverFactory linsolver(param);

    // Write parameters used for later reference.
    bool output = param.getDefault("output", true);
    std::ofstream epoch_os;
    std::string output_dir;
    if (output) {
        output_dir =
            param.getDefault("output_dir", std::string("output"));
        boost::filesystem::path fpath(output_dir);
        try {
            create_directories(fpath);
        }
        catch (...) {
            OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Creating directories failed: " << fpath);
        }
        std::string filename = output_dir + "/epoch_timing.param";
        epoch_os.open(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::trunc | std::fstream::out);
        // open file to clean it. The file is appended to in SimulatorTwophase
        filename = output_dir + "/step_timing.param";
        std::fstream step_os(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::trunc | std::fstream::out);
        step_os.close();
        param.writeParam(output_dir + "/simulation.param");
    }

    SimulatorReport rep;
    if (!use_deck) {
        std::cout << "\n\n================    Starting main simulation loop     ===============\n"
                  << "                        (number of report steps: 1)\n\n" << std::flush;
        // Simple simulation without a deck.
        WellsManager wells; // no wells.
        SimulatorIncompTwophase simulator(param,
                                          *grid->c_grid(),
                                          *props,
                                          rock_comp->isActive() ? rock_comp.get() : 0,
                                          wells,
                                          src,
                                          bcs.c_bcs(),
                                          linsolver,
                                          grav);
        SimulatorTimer simtimer;
        simtimer.init(param);
        warnIfUnusedParams(param);
        WellState well_state;
        well_state.init(0, state);
        rep = simulator.run(simtimer, state, well_state);
    } else {
        // With a deck, we may have more epochs etc.
        Opm::TimeMapConstPtr timeMap = eclipseState->getSchedule()->getTimeMap();

        std::cout << "\n\n================    Starting main simulation loop     ===============\n"
                  << "                        (number of report steps: "
                  << timeMap->numTimesteps() << ")\n\n" << std::flush;
        WellState well_state;
        int step = 0;
        SimulatorTimer simtimer;
        // Use timer for last epoch to obtain total time.
        simtimer.init(timeMap);
        const double total_time = simtimer.totalTime();
        for (size_t reportStepIdx = 0; reportStepIdx < timeMap->numTimesteps(); ++reportStepIdx) {
            // Update the timer.
            simtimer.setCurrentStepNum(step);
            simtimer.setTotalTime(total_time);

            // Report on start of report step.
            std::cout << "\n\n--------------    Starting report step " << reportStepIdx << "    --------------"
                      << "\n                  (number of time steps: "
                      << simtimer.numSteps() - step << ")\n\n" << std::flush;

            // Create new wells, well_state
            WellsManager wells(eclipseState , reportStepIdx , *grid->c_grid(), props->permeability());
            // @@@ HACK: we should really make a new well state and
            // properly transfer old well state to it every report step,
            // since number of wells may change etc.
            if (reportStepIdx == 0) {
                well_state.init(wells.c_wells(), state);
            }

            // Create and run simulator.
            SimulatorIncompTwophase simulator(param,
                                              *grid->c_grid(),
                                              *props,
                                              rock_comp->isActive() ? rock_comp.get() : 0,
                                              wells,
                                              src,
                                              bcs.c_bcs(),
                                              linsolver,
                                              grav);
            if (reportStepIdx == 0) {
                warnIfUnusedParams(param);
            }
            SimulatorReport epoch_rep = simulator.run(simtimer, state, well_state);
            if (output) {
                epoch_rep.reportParam(epoch_os);
            }
            // Update total timing report and remember step number.
            rep += epoch_rep;
            step = simtimer.currentStepNum();
        }
    }

    std::cout << "\n\n================    End of simulation     ===============\n\n";
    rep.report(std::cout);

    if (output) {
      std::string filename = output_dir + "/walltime.param";
      std::fstream tot_os(filename.c_str(),std::fstream::trunc | std::fstream::out);
      rep.reportParam(tot_os);
    }

}
catch (const std::exception &e) {
    std::cerr << "Program threw an exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
    throw;
}