//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: render_1()
// Desc:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void render_1( void )
{
D3DXMATRIX matView;
D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
D3DXMATRIX matRotation;
D3DXMATRIX matTranslation;
// Now we can clear just view-port's portion of the buffer to green...
g_pd3dDevice_1->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ), 1.0f, 0 );
g_pd3dDevice_1->BeginScene();
// For the left view-port, leave the view at the origin...
D3DXMatrixIdentity( &matView );
g_pd3dDevice_1->SetTransform( D3DTS_VIEW, &matView );
// ... and use the world matrix to spin and translate the teapot
// out where we can see it...
D3DXMatrixRotationYawPitchRoll( &matRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fSpinX), D3DXToRadian(g_fSpinY), 0.0f );
D3DXMatrixTranslation( &matTranslation, 0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f );
matWorld = matRotation * matTranslation;
g_pd3dDevice_1->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld );
g_pd3dDevice_1->SetMaterial( &g_teapotMtrl );
g_pTeapotMesh_1->DrawSubset(0);
g_pd3dDevice_1->EndScene();
// We're done! Now, we just call Present()
g_pd3dDevice_1->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
/*
* Game update function
*/
void Game_Run(HWND hwnd)
{
//make sure the Direct3D device is valid
if (!d3ddev) return;
//create pointer to the back buffer
d3ddev->GetBackBuffer(0, 0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &backbuffer);
//start rendering
if (d3ddev->BeginScene())
{
RECT rect;
rect.top = NULL;
rect.left = NULL;
rect.right = 950;
rect.bottom = 768;
RECT rect2;
rect2.top = 270;
rect2.left = 110;
rect2.right = 900;
rect2.bottom = 768;
d3ddev->StretchRect(surface, &rect2
, backbuffer, &rect, D3DTEXF_NONE);
//stop rendering
d3ddev->EndScene();
d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
//check for escape key (to exit program)
if (KEY_DOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
PostMessage(hwnd, WM_DESTROY, 0, 0);
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 渲染图形
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Render()
{
//设置是否启用图形反锯齿
if(antiAlisa)
g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_MULTISAMPLEANTIALIAS,TRUE);
else
g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_MULTISAMPLEANTIALIAS,FALSE);
//清空后台缓冲区
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(45, 50, 170)
, 1.0f, 0 );
//开始在后台缓冲区绘制图形
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
//在后台缓冲区绘制图形
g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) );
g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX );
g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1 );
//结束在后台缓冲区渲染图形
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
//将在后台缓冲区绘制的图形提交到前台缓冲区显示
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
//랜더
void Render(int timeDelta)
{
//화면 청소
if (SUCCEEDED(g_pDevice->Clear(
0, //청소할 영역의 D3DRECT 배열 갯수 ( 전체 클리어 0 )
NULL, //청소할 영역의 D3DRECT 배열 포인터 ( 전체 클리어 NULL )
D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL, //청소될 버퍼 플레그 ( D3DCLEAR_TARGET 컬러버퍼, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER 깊이버퍼, D3DCLEAR_STENCIL 스텐실버퍼
D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255), //컬러버퍼를 청소하고 채워질 색상( 0xAARRGGBB )
1.0f, //깊이버퍼를 청소할값 ( 0 ~ 1 0 이 카메라에서 제일가까운 1 이 카메라에서 제일 먼 )
0 //스텐실 버퍼를 채울값
)))
{
//화면 청소가 성공적으로 이루어 졌다면... 랜더링 시작
g_pDevice->BeginScene();
static float y = 0;
y += timeDelta / 1000.f;
// 각도가 2*PI 에 이르면 0으로 초기화한다.
if (y >= 6.28f)
y = 0;
Matrix44 rx, ry, r;
rx.SetRotationX(MATH_PI/4.f); // x축으로 45도 회전시킨다.
ry.SetRotationY(y); // y축으로 회전
r = rx*ry;
g_pDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DXMATRIX*)&r);
g_pMesh->DrawSubset(0) ;
//랜더링 끝
g_pDevice->EndScene();
//랜더링이 끝났으면 랜더링된 내용 화면으로 전송
g_pDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
}
// Draw one frame of the scene
void RenderScene( float updateTime )
{
// Begin the scene
if (SUCCEEDED(g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene()))
{
// Clear the z buffer & stencil buffer - no need to clear back-buffer
// as the skybox will always fill the background
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL,
0, 1.0f, 0 );
// Prepare camera
MainCamera->CalculateMatrices();
// Render all entities
EntityManager.RenderAllEntities( MainCamera );
// Draw on-screen text
RenderSceneText( updateTime );
// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the backbuffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
// 使用DirectX 9來繪圖
void RenderFrameDX9(void)
{
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 device = GutGetGraphicsDeviceDX9();
// 消除畫面
device->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0, 0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
// 開始下繪圖指令
device->BeginScene();
// 設定轉換矩陣
Matrix4x4 view_matrix = g_Control.GetViewMatrix();
Matrix4x4 world_matrix = g_Control.GetObjectMatrix();
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, (D3DMATRIX *) &view_matrix);
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DMATRIX *) &world_matrix);
// 在只傳入2維貼圖座標時, Direct3D使用3x3矩陣來轉換貼圖座標.
Matrix4x4 converted_matrix3x3 = g_texture_matrix;
converted_matrix3x3[2] = g_texture_matrix[3];
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_TEXTURE0, (D3DMATRIX *) &converted_matrix3x3);
//device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXTURETRANSFORMFLAGS, D3DTTFF_COUNT2);
//device->SetTexture(0, g_pTexture);
// 畫出矩形
device->DrawPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 2, g_Quad, sizeof(Vertex_VT));
// 宣告所有的繪圖指令都下完了
device->EndScene();
// 把背景backbuffer的畫面呈現出來
device->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
// Advances GFx animation and draws the scene.
void FxPlayerTiny::AdvanceAndDisplay()
{
// Clear the back buffer to a black color.
pDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(200,200,200), 1.0f, 0);
// *** GFx Rendering
if (pMovie)
{
// GRendererD3D9 does not modify D3DRS_FILLMODE, so we can set it here.
pDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_FILLMODE,
Wireframe ? D3DFILL_WIREFRAME : D3DFILL_SOLID);
UInt32 time = timeGetTime();
Float delta = ((Float)(time - MovieLastTime)) / 1000.0f;
// Advance time and display the movie.
if (!Paused)
pMovie->Advance(delta);
pMovie->Display();
MovieLastTime = time;
}
// Present the back buffer contents to the display.
pDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
//
// 함수: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
// 목적: 주 창의 메시지를 처리합니다.
//
// WM_COMMAND - 응용 프로그램 메뉴를 처리합니다.
// WM_PAINT - 주 창을 그립니다.
// WM_DESTROY - 종료 메시지를 게시하고 반환합니다.
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
int wmId, wmEvent;
switch (message)
{
case WM_COMMAND:
wmId = LOWORD(wParam);
wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);
// 메뉴 선택을 구문 분석합니다.
switch (wmId)
{
case IDM_ABOUT:
DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
break;
case IDM_EXIT:
DestroyWindow(hWnd);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
break;
case WM_PAINT:
{
//화면 청소
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pDevice->Clear(
0, //청소할 영역의 D3DRECT 배열 갯수 ( 전체 클리어 0 )
NULL, //청소할 영역의 D3DRECT 배열 포인터 ( 전체 클리어 NULL )
D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL, //청소될 버퍼 플레그 ( D3DCLEAR_TARGET 컬러버퍼, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER 깊이버퍼, D3DCLEAR_STENCIL 스텐실버퍼
0xffffff00, //컬러버퍼를 청소하고 채워질 색상( 0xAARRGGBB )
1.0f, //깊이버퍼를 청소할값 ( 0 ~ 1 0 이 카메라에서 제일가까운 1 이 카메라에서 제일 먼 )
0 //스텐실 버퍼를 채울값
) ) )
{
//화면 청소가 성공적으로 이루어 졌다면... 랜더링 시작
g_pDevice->BeginScene();
//여기서부터 랜더링 명령이 실행된다..
//랜더링 끝
g_pDevice->EndScene();
//랜더링이 끝났으면 랜더링된 내용 화면으로 전송
g_pDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
}
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
//渲染函数
//
//
bool Display(float timeDelta)
{
timedelta=timeDelta;
if( Device )
{
//*************绘制区域*********************
Device->Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0);
Device->BeginScene ();
if(g_currentGUI == GUI_MAIN_SCREEN)
ProcessGUI(g_MainGUI, g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
else if(g_currentGUI == GUI_START_SCREEN)
ProcessGUI(g_StartGUI, g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
else if(g_currentGUI == GUI_LOAD_SCREEN)
ProcessGUI(g_ControlGUI , g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
else if(g_currentGUI == GUI_OPTION_SCREEN)
ProcessGUI(g_StoreGUI , g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
else
ProcessGUI(g_MainGUI, g_LMBDown, g_MouseX,g_MouseY, GUICallback);
Device->EndScene ();
Device->Present(0, 0, 0, 0);//提交后台缓存示翻转）
}
return true;
}
void Render()
{
g_pd3dDevice->Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 255), 1.0f, 0);
g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene();
D3DXMATRIXA16 matWorld;
D3DXMatrixRotationY(&matWorld, timeGetTime() / 1000.0f);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld);
D3DXVECTOR3 vEyePt(0.0f, 3.0f,-5.0f);
D3DXVECTOR3 vLookatPt(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
D3DXVECTOR3 vUpVec(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
D3DXMATRIXA16 matView;
D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&matView, &vEyePt, &vLookatPt, &vUpVec);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &matView);
D3DXMATRIXA16 matProj;
D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProj, D3DX_PI / 4, 1.0f, 1.0f, 100.0f);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj);
for (DWORD i = 0; i < g_dwNumMaterials; i++)
{
g_pd3dDevice->SetMaterial(&g_pMeshMaterials[i]);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTexture(0, g_pMeshTextures[i]);
g_pMesh->DrawSubset(i);
}
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
g_pd3dDevice->Present(0, 0, 0, 0);
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Desc: 渲染场景
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Render()
{
// 清除缓冲区
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,
D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255), 1.0f, 0 );
//开始渲染场景
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
SetWorldMatrix(); //设置世界矩阵
//逐块渲染网格模型
for( DWORD i=0; i<g_dwNumMaterials; i++ )
{
//设置材料和纹理
g_pd3dDevice->SetMaterial( &g_pMeshMaterials[i] );
g_pd3dDevice->SetTexture( 0, g_pMeshTextures[i] );
//渲染模型
g_pMesh->DrawSubset( i );
}
//场景渲染结束
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
//在屏幕上显示场景
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
// 使用DirectX 9來繪圖
void RenderFrameDX9(void)
{
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 device = GutGetGraphicsDeviceDX9();
// 消除畫面
device->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, 0x00000000, 1.0f, 0);
// 開始下繪圖指令
device->BeginScene();
// 設定座標轉換矩陣
Matrix4x4 view_matrix = GutMatrixLookAtRH(g_eye, g_lookat, g_up);
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, (D3DMATRIX *) &view_matrix);
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DMATRIX *) &g_world_matrix);
// 套用貼圖
device->SetTexture(0, g_pTexture);
// trilinear filter
device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MINFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
device->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MIPFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR);
// 自動產生貼圖座標
device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, D3DTSS_TCI_CAMERASPACEREFLECTIONVECTOR);
//device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_TEXTURETRANSFORMFLAGS, D3DTTFF_COUNT3);
// 使用自動normalize功能
device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_NORMALIZENORMALS, TRUE);
// 畫模型
// 傳入0代表不套用模型中的材質, 經由外部來設定.
g_Model_DX9.Render(0);
// 宣告所有的繪圖指令都下完了
device->EndScene();
// 把背景backbuffer的畫面呈現出來
device->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
//ループ処理
bool Application::Loop()
{
MSG msg;
//前のフレームの描画を終了する
d3dDevice->EndScene();
//前のフレームの描画を反映する
d3dDevice->Present(0, 0, 0, 0);
//Windowsメッセージを処理する
while (PeekMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
//ウィンドウを閉じる
if (WM_QUIT == msg.message)
return false;
}
//画面のクリア
if (FAILED(d3dDevice->Clear(0, nullptr, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 60, 160), 1.0f, 0)))
return false;
//今のフレームの描画を開始する
d3dDevice->BeginScene();
return true;
}
VOID Render()
{
SetupMatrix() ;
OnFrameMove() ;
g_pCamera->Update(0.1f, 1.0f) ;
// Clear the back-buffer to a RED color
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,255), 1.0f, 0 );
// Begin the scene
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
RenderTerrain() ;
RenderTree() ;
RenderTeapot() ;
// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the back-buffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: Render()
// Desc: Draws the scene
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID CDlg::Render()
{
if (! SUCCEEDED( InitVB() )) {
return;
}
// Clear the backbuffer to a blue color
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255), 1.0f, 0 );
// Begin the scene
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
// Draw the triangles in the vertex buffer. This is broken into a few
// steps. We are passing the vertices down a "stream", so first we need
// to specify the source of that stream, which is our vertex buffer. Then
// we need to let D3D know what vertex shader to use. Full, custom vertex
// shaders are an advanced topic, but in most cases the vertex shader is
// just the FVF, so that D3D knows what type of vertices we are dealing
// with. Finally, we call DrawPrimitive() which does the actual rendering
// of our geometry (in this case, just one triangle).
g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) );
g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX );
//g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1 );
g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_POINTLIST, 0, 3 );
// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the backbuffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
HRESULT KG3DGraphicsEngine::Present(CONST RECT * pSourceRect, CONST RECT * pDestRect, HWND hDestWindowOverride, CONST RGNDATA * pDirtyRegion)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
/*
Screen Shot
*/
if (m_eShotImageType != D3DXIFF_FORCE_DWORD)
{
ScreenShotImpl();
m_eShotImageType = D3DXIFF_FORCE_DWORD;
}
/*
Present
*/
hr = g_pd3dDevice->Present(m_PresentParam.Windowed ? pSourceRect : NULL, pDestRect, hDestWindowOverride, pDirtyRegion);
ASSERT(hr != D3DERR_DRIVERINTERNALERROR);
if (hr == D3DERR_DEVICELOST)
m_bDeviceLost = true;
else
KGLOG_COM_PROCESS_ERROR(hr);
Exit0:
return hr;
}
//135.
// this is the function used to render a single frame
//136.
void render_frame(void)
//137.
{
// 138.
// clear the window to a deep blue
//139.
d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 40, 100), 1.0f, 0);
// 140.
//141.
d3ddev->BeginScene(); // begins the 3D scene
//142.
// 143.
// do 3D rendering on the back buffer here
//144.
// 145.
d3ddev->EndScene(); // ends the 3D scene
//146.
//147.
d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); // displays the created frame on the screen
//148.
}
//------------------------------------
//NAME : Direct3DRender()
//DESC : 绘制3D场景
//------------------------------------
void Direct3DRender()
{
/*
Direct3D的绘制过程就是：绘制→显示→绘制→显示。
但是，每当开始绘制图形之前，都需要通过IDirect3DDevice9接口的Clear方法将后台缓存中的内容进行清空，并设置表面的填充颜色等
HRESULT IDirect3DDevice9::Clear(
DWORD Count,
const D3DRECT *pRects, //指定对表面指定的矩形区域进行清除操作，数组中包含的矩形的数量由Count参数指定
DWORD Flags, //指定了需要清除的表面，该参数可以取值于D3DCLEAR_TARGET、D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER和D3DCLEAR_STENCIL，分别表示对后台缓存、深度缓存和模板缓存进行清除
D3DCOLOR Color, //用于指定在清除缓存内容后设置的背景色，可以通过D3DCOLOR_XRGB宏将RGB值转换给该参数
float Z, //指定当清除缓存内容后设置深度缓存的值
DWORD Stencil
);
*/
g_pd3dDevice->Clear(0,NULL,D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0),1.0f,0);//黑色背景
//开始绘制
g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene();
//在绘制立方体之前，分别取得绕x,y,z轴旋转变换的矩阵，然后将他们组合并让立方体同时绕这3个轴旋转
SetTransform();
/*图形绘制的实际过程*/
DrawPrimitive();
//结束绘制
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
//翻转
g_pd3dDevice->Present(NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);
}
void render()
{
assert(g_pd3dDevice);
camera();
g_pd3dDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene();
{
switch(g_object) {
case sphere:
g_pSphereMesh->DrawSubset(0);
break;
case cube:
g_pCubeMesh->DrawSubset(0);
break;
case torus:
g_pTorusMesh->DrawSubset(0);
break;
default:
assert(!"Invalid object");
break;
}
}
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
g_pd3dDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
g_rotation += ROTATION_DELTA;
}
void Direct3DUpdate(HWND hwnd)
{
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Five steps of rendering: clear, beginScene, render, EndScene, present
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
gPD3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
RECT formatRect;
GetClientRect(hwnd, &formatRect);
gPD3DDevice->BeginScene();
gPD3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SHADEMODE, D3DSHADE_GOURAUD);
gPD3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, gPVertexBuffer, 0, sizeof(CUSTOM_VERTEX));
gPD3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOM_VERTEX);
gPD3DDevice->SetIndices(gPIndexBuffer);
gPD3DDevice->DrawIndexedPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 0, 17, 0, 16);
int charCount = swprintf_s(gStrFPS, 20, _T("FPS:%0.3f"), GetFPS());
gPFont->DrawText(NULL, gStrFPS, charCount, &formatRect, DT_TOP | DT_RIGHT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 39, 136));
gPD3DDevice->EndScene();
gPD3DDevice->Present(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
}
// 使用Direct3D9來繪圖
void RenderFrameDX9(void)
{
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 device = GutGetGraphicsDeviceDX9();
device->SetRenderState( D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE );
device->Clear(
0, NULL, // 清除整個畫面
D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, // 清除顏色跟Z Buffer
D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0, 0, 0, 0), // 設定要把顏色清成黑色
1.0f, // 設定要把Z值清為1, 也就是離鏡頭最遠.
0 // 設定要把Stencil buffer清為0, 在這沒差.
);
// 計算出一個可以轉換到鏡頭座標系的矩陣
Matrix4x4 view_matrix = GutMatrixLookAtRH(g_eye, g_lookat, g_up);
// 計算出一個使用非平行投影的矩陣
Matrix4x4 perspective_matrix = GutMatrixPerspectiveRH_DirectX(90.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 100.0f);
// 把這兩個矩陣相乘
Matrix4x4 view_perspective_matrix = view_matrix * perspective_matrix;
// 把空間中的座標點轉換到螢幕座標系上
Vector4 vertices[16];
for ( int i=0; i<16; i++ )
{
vertices[i] = g_vertices[i] * view_perspective_matrix;
vertices[i] /= vertices[i].GetW();
}
device->BeginScene(); // 開始下繪圖指令
device->SetFVF(D3DFVF_XYZ); // 設定資料格式
// 畫出金字塔的8條邊線
device->DrawPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_LINELIST, 8, vertices, sizeof(Vector4));
device->EndScene(); // 宣告所有的繪圖指令都下完了
// 把背景backbuffer的畫面呈現出來
device->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
* 화면 그리기
*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
VOID Render()
{
/// 후면버퍼와 Z버퍼 초기화
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(200,200,200), 1.0f, 0 );
/// 애니메이션 행렬설정
Animate();
/// 렌더링 시작
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
g_pd3dDevice->SetTexture( 0, g_pTexDiffuse ); /// 0번 텍스쳐 스테이지에 텍스쳐 고정(색깔맵)
g_pd3dDevice->SetSamplerState( 0, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR ); /// 0번 텍스처 스테이지의 확대 필터
g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState( 0, D3DTSS_TEXCOORDINDEX, 0 ); /// 0번 텍스처 : 0번 텍스처 인덱스 사용
g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState( 0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_MODULATE);
g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState( 0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE );
g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState( 0, D3DTSS_COLORARG2, D3DTA_DIFFUSE );
DrawMesh( &g_matAni );
if ( !g_bHideFrustum )
{
g_pFrustum->Draw( g_pd3dDevice );
}
/// 렌더링 종료
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
/// 후면버퍼를 보이는 화면으로!
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
VOID Render()
{
// Clear the back-buffer to a RED color
HRESULT hr ;
// D3DCOLOR
hr = g_pd3dDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, 0, 1.0f, 0);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
DXTRACE_ERR_MSGBOX(DXGetErrorDescription(hr), hr) ;
}
// Begin the scene
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
// Set cull mode
g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE) ;
g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_CW) ;
g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_CCW) ; // Default option
g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof( ScreenVertex ) );
g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( SCREEN_SPACE_FVF );
g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 2 );
// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the back-buffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
VOID render(){
g_pDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,
D3DCOLOR_XRGB(192, 192, 192), 1.0f, 0);
if(SUCCEEDED(g_pDevice->BeginScene())){
//Render the Shutter
g_pDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE);
g_pDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &g_matShutter);
g_pDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pShutter, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX));
g_pDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX);
g_pDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 0, 2);
//Render the Mesh
g_pDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, TRUE);
g_pDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &g_matTank);
for(DWORD i=0; i<g_dwNumMaterials; ++i){
g_pDevice->SetMaterial(&g_pMeshMaterials[i]);
g_pDevice->SetTexture(0, g_pMeshTextures[i]);
g_pMesh->DrawSubset(i);
}//Render the Mesh
g_pDevice->EndScene();
}
g_pDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
VOID Render()
{
// 背景为蓝色
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,
D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255), 1.0f, 0 );
// Begin the scene
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
// 茶壶的材料颜色也定义在这个函数中
SetupLights();
// Setup the world, view, and projection matrices
SetupMatrices();
// Render the vertex buffer contents
g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) );
g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX );
//创建一个茶壶
D3DXMATRIX Worlds;
D3DXCreateTeapot(g_pd3dDevice, &Objects, 0);
Objects->DrawSubset(0);
//释放Mesh(网格)
Objects->Release();
Objects = 0;
// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the backbuffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
//Objects->Release();
}
VOID Render(float timeDelta)
{
if(!PrepareShader())
return ;
SetupMatrix(timeDelta) ;
// Clear the back-buffer to a RED color
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0 );
// Begin the scene
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
// Rendering of scene objects can happen here
g_pd3dDevice->SetPixelShader(g_pPixelShader) ;
g_pTorusMesh->DrawSubset(0) ;
// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the back-buffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
// `使用Direct3D9來繪圖`
void RenderFrameDX9(void)
{
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 device = GutGetGraphicsDeviceDX9();
// `消除畫面`
device->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0, 0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
// `開始下繪圖指令`
device->BeginScene();
// `計算出一個可以轉換到鏡頭座標系的矩陣`
Matrix4x4 view_matrix = GutMatrixLookAtRH(g_eye, g_lookat, g_up);
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, (D3DMATRIX *) &view_matrix);
// `設定資料格式`
// D3DFVF_XYZ = `使用3個浮點數來記錄位置`
// D3DFVF_DIFFUSE = `使用32bits整數型態來記錄BGRA顏色`
device->SetFVF(D3DFVF_XYZ|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE);
// `太陽`
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DMATRIX *) &g_sun_matrix);
device->DrawIndexedPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, g_iNumSphereVertices, g_iNumSphereTriangles,
g_pSphereIndices, D3DFMT_INDEX16, g_pSunVertices, sizeof(Vertex_VC) );
// `地球`
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DMATRIX *) &g_earth_matrix);
device->DrawIndexedPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, g_iNumSphereVertices, g_iNumSphereTriangles,
g_pSphereIndices, D3DFMT_INDEX16, g_pEarthVertices, sizeof(Vertex_VC) );
// `月亮`
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DMATRIX *) &g_moon_matrix);
device->DrawIndexedPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, g_iNumSphereVertices, g_iNumSphereTriangles,
g_pSphereIndices, D3DFMT_INDEX16, g_pMoonVertices, sizeof(Vertex_VC) );
// `宣告所有的繪圖指令都下完了`
device->EndScene();
// `把背景backbuffer的畫面呈現出來`
device->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
static void Antialiasing_None(void)
{
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 device = GutGetGraphicsDeviceDX9();
device->BeginScene();
// `設定轉換矩陣`
Matrix4x4 ident_matrix; ident_matrix.Identity();
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, (D3DMATRIX *) &ident_matrix);
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, (D3DMATRIX *) &ident_matrix);
device->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, (D3DMATRIX *) &g_world_matrix);
device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, FALSE);
// `消除畫面`
device->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL, D3DCOLOR_RGBA(0,0,255,255), 1.0f, 0);
// `畫出3角形`
device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_SELECTARG1);
device->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TFACTOR);
device->SetRenderState(D3DRS_TEXTUREFACTOR, 0xffffffff);
device->SetFVF(D3DFVF_XYZ);
device->DrawPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 1, g_Triangle, sizeof(Vector4));
// `宣告所有的繪圖指令都下完了`
device->EndScene();
// `把背景backbuffer的畫面呈現出來`
device->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
void Render(float timeDelta)
{
if (!g_bActive)
{
Sleep(50) ;
}
SetupMatrix() ;
// Clear the back-buffer to a RED color
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0 );
// Begin the scene
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
// Draw teapot
g_pTeapotMesh->DrawSubset(0) ;
// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the back-buffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
VOID renderScene() {
d3dDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_ARGB(1, 0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
//渲染过程
d3dDevice->BeginScene();//必须与EndScene()成对出现，指示GPU读取要渲染的数据
/*
... 渲染数据 ...
Draw(Box0);
Draw(Box1);
Draw(Box2);
Draw(Box3);
*/
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
d3dDevice->SetStreamSource(0, d3dVertexBuf, 0, sizeof(D3DVertexXYZRHW));//让设备载入顶点缓存
d3dDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE);//设置设备的顶点数据结构
d3dDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 2);//让设备根据其内的顶点缓存绘制图元
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
d3dDevice->EndScene();//与BeginScene()成对出现，指示GPU停止读取渲染数据，并开始对已读取的数据进行计算渲染
/*
... CPU处理事项 ...
AI
逻辑
*/
d3dDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);//指示CPU从GPU读取渲染结果，并呈现 (此操作会等待GPU计算渲染完成才会返回，故不宜距离EndScene()过近，使CPU长期处于阻塞状态，以致失去CPU与GPU并发目的，浪费性能)
}